Your exam consists of two essay questions. You must answer both. Answer each question in a separate essay. Each paragraph of the Essay should answer one part of the question. Please do not include conclusion or introduction. Number each paragraph and write one sentence topic on what the paragraph is on.

Each of your essays should be approximately three to four double-spaced pages long, in a 14-point font, with one-inch margins all around. Give page references to the author under discussion whenever these are appropriate. In your answers be sure to explain each idea so that someone who was not taking this course would understand exactly what you are talking about.

Answer in your own words. .

Be sure to give references for any ideas, paraphrases, or quotations that you get from any other source, including but not limited to: websites, library books or journals, friends, fellow students, neighbors, other professors and your parish priest. Please remember that not citing sources like these constitutes plagiarism.

1. Kant says that “everything in nature operates according to laws, but only rational beings act according to the idea (conception) of law.”

Explain what he means by this. Briefly explain how he uses this idea as the foundation of his theory that morality is based on the Categorical Imperative. Why should we be moral, according to Kant? Your answer to this last part of the question should constitute approximately one page.

2. Identify two main issues on which Nietzsche seems to disagree with Kant and Aquinas.

Explain Nietzsche’s position on each, including his reasons for holding this position, using the text as appropriate. Choose one of these two issues to discuss in depth. Regarding that issue, either defend Kant/Aquinas against Nietzsche, or explain why you think Nietzsche is right.

Your discussion of your chosen issue and your defense of your position should constitute approximately two pages of your answer to this question

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